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Most people have felt what is known as a “common cold,” which includes sneezing, a slight fever, a stuffy nose, and a cough that usually goes away within a few days. However, not every fever or cough is so straightforward. For instance, H3N2 influenza can lead to much worse sickness than a typical cold. The common cold is usually mild. Individuals might feel unwell for a few days, but major complications are uncommon. On the contrary, the H3N2 flu can result in a high fever, significant body pain, a severe cough, and overall weakness. Many patients need medical attention, and some may even require hospitalization. Common cold viruses generally resolve on their own without impacting vital organs. In contrast, H3N2 flu can go deeper into the lungs, potentially causing pneumonia. For certain individuals, especially those who already have health issues, it can result in breathing challenges necessitating oxygen or ventilatory support. In rare cases, it can also affect the brain, leading to seizures or confusion, especially in young children. Symptoms of a cold usually go away within 3 to 7 days. H3N2 flu, however, may last longer, and patients might continue to feel weak or fatigued even after their fever has gone down.
Who Is Most at Risk?
Older adults, particularly those over 65 years
Small children, especially infants
Pregnant women
Individuals with ongoing health issues like asthma, diabetes, kidney disorders, or heart conditions
Those with compromised immune systems, such as people on long-term steroids or undergoing cancer treatment
For these individuals, what begins as a typical viral fever can rapidly turn into something serious.
How Does It Spread?
Similar to the common cold, H3N2 spreads through tiny droplets released when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. This flu virus is known to change and evolve, reappearing in various forms every few years, which is why outbreaks keep happening.
How to Prevent H3N2 Flu?
Get a yearly vaccination: The flu shot is regularly updated to reflect the strains circulating, including H3N2. Even if it does not completely prevent illness, it lowers the severity and chance of complications. Maintain good hygiene: Wash your hands often, cover your mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing with a tissue or your elbow, and stay away from sick individuals.
Use masks in crowded areas: Particularly during peak flu season or during outbreaks.
Seek medical attention promptly: Symptoms like high fever, trouble breathing, chest discomfort, or a long-lasting illness should not be overlooked.
While the common cold can be bothersome, it is typically not harmful. H3N2 influenza, however, can pose risks, especially for older adults, infants, pregnant women, and people with other health issues. It can lead to persistent illness, pneumonia, or other severe complications and sometimes requires hospitalization.
